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		Family Strengthening, Alliance Building, Advocacy, and Collective Action

		Connection to Informal Social Networks

		Connections to Formal Helping Systems

		Connections to Economic Opportunity

		Building Neighborhood Assets

		Family Function

		Child and Family Well-Being

		Background Information and Other Indicators

Measures
Please note: the information contained in this record is current as of April, 2003. Please contact the organizations listed below directly if you would like additional or updated information.


Measure	Description	Validity/Reliability

Activities that promote civic involvement	Information about politics and national issues	Pending

Activities that promote or indicate personal responsibility	Participation in school activities, leadership, initiative, school sports, and extracurricular activities.	Pending

Additional items on service activities	Respondent participation in community (service activity, service activities) during the school year.	Pending

Adult health	Respondent resports of personal health.	Pending

Adult-Youth Participation Index	Adult volunteerism with children and youth. 3-item index.	Yes

Assets	Family assets.	Yes

Assist	Refers to situations in which children might be hurt or need assistance.	Yes

Associational Involvement	Measures participation in approximately 18 types of groups and organizations.	Yes

Autonomy	An abbreviated (3-item) version of this scale.	Yes

Availability of regional job information	Employment.	Yes

Availability of transportation to regional jobs	Respondents are asked to select the three forms of transportation they use most frequently from a list.	Yes

Behavior Problems Index	26-item inventory of behavior problems many children have.	Yes

Block Club Activities	Participation in block club meetings and neighborhood watch	Yes

Business Vitality Scale	Perception of business vitality.	Yes

CES-D	Client-rated report of depressive symptomatology.	Yes

Child-centered social control	Three-item Likert scale disaggregated from the collective efficacy scale, measuring separate aspects of child-centered behavior from more general aspects of social cohesion and neighborhood control.	Yes

Church Activities	Participation in church activities	Yes

Civic Involvement Index	Measures civic involvement, community participation and volunteerism.	Yes

Civic Leadership	Measures whether respondents served as an officer or served on a committee of any local club or organization in the past 12 months.	Yes

Civic Participation	Respondent participation in voting, petitioning, attending political meetings, rallies, community projects, demonstrations, protests, boycotts, and/or marches.	Yes

Cognitive stimulation scale	Parent interaction with child.	Yes

Cohesiveness Scale	Measures perceived social cohesion of neighbors.	Yes

Collaborative activity	Assessment of the level of collaboration with other service providers and the type of joint activity.	Pending

Collective Action Scale	Measure of neighborhood's ability to achieve goals.	Yes

Communication & community opinions and perspectives	Describes the ways in which the organization disseminates information about it's services and gathers information about community needs.	No

Community definition	Defining the boundaries and characteristics of a particular neighborhood.	No

Community involvement	Questions about respondent's volunteer and neighborhood activites and voting behavior.	Pending

Community involvement , networks, and government	Ways in which the organization works with other groups and people to address issues that relate to children and families.	No

Community organization information sheet	Description of facility .	No

Community participation and involvement	Repondent participation in neighborhood associations, block clubs, and/or other neighborhood meetings.	Pending

Computer and Internet use supplement	Questions about the use of personal computers.	Yes

Computer technology	Respondent's access to computers and the Internet.	Pending

Condition of Neighborhood	Physical appearance and condition of neighborhood buildings.	Yes

Crime and victimization	Respondent accounts of feelings of personal safety and criminal acts in the last 6 months.	Pending

Crime, Delinquency & Arrest	Self-reported arrest history.	Yes

Current housing	Questions about current living situation.	Pending

Custom questions	Questions about job opportuntities, local action, race relations, ethnic diversity, and charter schools	Pending

Delinquency rate scale	Three questions selected to tap patterns of conduct typical of adolescent delinquency - gang fights, graffiti and causing trouble in groups.	Yes

Demographics	Responder age, gender, income, etc.	Pending

Demographics (Boston)	Demographics	Pending

Demographics (Jacksonville)	age, race,income, gender, education	No

Demographics (Knight)	Question about demographic characteristics of respondent.	Pending

Density of neighborhood acquaintances	Neighborhood networks.	Yes

Discipline	Number of reported spanking episodes in the past week.	Yes

Disorder	Includes items to tap perceptions of deleterious conditions in neighborhoods.	Yes

Diversity of Friendship Set	Eleven categories broadly measure the degree to which people's social networks are diverse.	Yes

Domestic violence/abusive relationships	Respondent reports of domestic abuse and violence.	Pending

Electoral Politics	This measure looks at how many in communities are registered to vote, actually vote, express interest in politics, are knowledgeable about political affairs and read the newspaper daily.	Yes

Eliciting	This scale measures the frequency with which mothers encourage communication from their children and engage in those activities which their children prefer. All items are maternal report, and they include asking the child to explain why he/she is upset, checking the child's facial expression, allowing the child to ask questions, engaging in the child's favorite activities, and talking about the child's activities. The five items, ranging from one to five, are averaged to create the total score. (Mariner et al, 1998)	Yes

Emotional support	Interviewer-rated observations of parent behavior toward child.	Yes

Employment and Earnings	Respondent's income and employement status and history.	Yes

Employment and Education	Questions about employment, education and training.	Pending

Employment and job search	Availability of benefits in job, and how respondent found out about current job.	Pending

Employment and job training	Respondent employment and job training history.	Pending

Employment and journey to work	Repondent's employment status, hours worked per week, and usual transportation to work.	Pending

Environment	Assessment of environmental issues in the county of residence.	Pending

Environmental characteristics	Respondents are asked to estimate the approximate percentage of each environmental characteristic present in the neighborhood.	Pending

Expectations of responsibility	These five questions ask mothers to report how often they expect their children to perform certain household responsibilities. The scale score reflects the average score on the five items. NOTE: Authors here report that this measure is comprised entirely of items derived from the HOME-SF yet note that in the HOME-SF these items do not form the basis of a separate measure. Instead, scores for these items are collapsed and incorporated into a larger subscale. (Mariner et al, 1998)	Yes

Expectations, employment, income	Deals with educational aspirations, employment, finances, and expectations of life events.	Yes

Expression of affection	This scale measures the frequency with which the mother expressed affection to the child, using both maternal report and interviewer ratings. (Child Trends, 1999)	Yes

Extracurricular educational participation	School performance and youth achievement.	Yes

Facility Availability	Measures the existence of neighborhood institutions and services.	Yes

Facility Quality	Reflects resident judgment of the facilities in their neighborhood.	Yes

Facility Usage	Usage of facilities in the last 2 months.	Yes

Faith-based Social Capital	This measure of faith-based engagement looks at religious attendance and membership, participation in activities besides services, participation in organization affiliated with religion, giving to religious causes, and volunteering at place of worship.	Yes

Family environment	Questions about family rules and activities	Pending

Family Income	Respondent's income history and assistance programs.	Yes

Family obligations	Household roster, school enrollment, care of adult family members	Pending

Family routines	Contains 22 items related to the frequency with which family members engage in individual and mutual activities (e.g. after-school activities, eating dinner together) and the regularity of daily schedules (e.g. time parent returns from work, bedtimes, mealtimes).	Yes

Family-centered behavior scale	Opinion of staff responsiveness and inclusiveness of family in child's care.	Yes

Family-centered behavior scale - importance	Companion scale to the Family-Centered Behavior Scale on which parents can rate the importance of each scale item. 26 items.	Yes

Final section (HOPE VI)	Three items on income, car ownership, and possession of driver's license.	Pending

First section	Questions about safety, residential tenure, quality of public services, neighborhood problems, activities, and organizational involvement.	Pending

Formal and informal neighborhood groups	Tally and descriptions of formal and informal groups or organizations found in the neighborhood.	No

Gang general	Youth cohort 15-18.	Yes

Gang membership	Youth cohort 15-18. Respondents attitudes about being a member of a gang.	Yes

Giving and Volunteering	This dimension measures how often community residents volunteer at various venues and how generous they are in giving.	Yes

Government and taxes	Respondents indicate feelings about tax spending and role of government.	Pending

Government/politics	Elected city of Jacksonville leadership, elected Duval County school board leadership, government awareness by naming city council members and keeping up with the news, satisfaction with city public safety services and city services, citizen feeling of influence.	No

Hardship	Two items of economic hardship.	Pending

Health (Jacksonville)	health insurance coverage, quality of health/medical care	No

Health (Pittsburgh)	Heatlh status and life satisfaction.	Yes

Health care	Respondent's health care coverage and health status	Pending

Health care and health care facilities	Responent's use of and satisfaction with health care facilities.	Pending

Health Care Coverage	Respondent's health care coverage.	Yes

Household Roster	Description of each person living in the household.	Pending

Housing	Homeownership, investment in home,a nd housing satisfaction.	Yes

Housing and Economic Hardship	Respondent's living arrangements.	Yes

Housing and neighborhood	Questions on home ownership, public housing, housing problems, mobility, section 8, neighborhood pride and neighborhood problems.	Pending

Housing and residential mobility	Respondent reports about his/her housing situation.	Pending

Housing conditions	Questions about housing tenure, homeownership, housing assistance, housing subsidy, and mortgage /rent payments.	Pending

Housing Quality and Hazards	Respondent reports of housing quality.	Pending

Housing- Census	household questions	Yes

Identity	Asks if residents have a name for their neighborhood.	Yes

Informal Social Interactions	Measures the degree to which residents had friends over to their home, hung out with friends in a public place, socialized with coworkers outside of work, played cards or board games with others, and visited with relatives.	Yes

Interaction	Asks about acquaintanceships, activities, and mutual aid among neighbors.	Yes

Intergenerational closure	Measures active support of neighborhood children by adults.	Yes

Intervene	Asks general statements about whether or not neighbors would intervene with other people's children.	Yes

Inventory of neighborhood services	Checklist of 14 neighborhood services and respondent ratings of quality.	Pending

Issues, Problems, Social Services	Respondent's feelings, issues, help options and activities.	Yes

Joint activities	All six items on this scale are based on maternal report, and measure the frequency of shared mother-child activities. The six items range from one to five, and are averaged to create a total score. (Mariner et al, 1998)	Yes

Kinship/friendship ties	Measures the number and relative proportion of friends and relatives that respondents reported living in the neighborhood.	Yes

Local facility use	Availability of activities and services in or near respondent's neighborhood.	Yes

Mastery Scale	This 7-item scale was used in the LA FANS Primary Caregiver survey.	Yes

Media questions	Questions about where respondent gets news and information.	Pending

Memberships or activity in local organizations/institutions	4-item scale. Respondents are instructed to tell the interviewer whether they have participated in the activity in the last 12 months.	Yes

Mixed Housing Scale	Perceptions of the diversity of housing/income levels.	Yes

Mobility	Renters and residential mobility.	Yes

Mobility (Jacksonville)	commuting times, methods of commuting	No

Monitoring	This measure consists of seven items concerning how much the mother knows about her child's activities. Responses range from almost never knowing about these things (1) to always knowing (5). However, frequencies are highly skewed, with mothers responding at the high end. As a result, the response categories are recoded so as to be dichotomous, with a score of one (1) indicating always knowing, and all other responses are coded as zero (0). (Mariner et al, 1998)	Yes

Mother-school interface	This scale is the mean of five items measuring the mother's involvement in the child's schooling. Scores range from 1(not in the past 12 months) to 4 (6 or more times in the past 12 months), and the five items are averaged to produce a total score. (Mariner et al, 1998)	Yes

Mutual trust	Single item measuring mutual trust among neighbors.	Yes

National Immunization Survey - Household Questionnaire	Family questionnaire on children immunization records.	Yes

Need for Outside Resources Scale	Perceptions of economic, business and housing opportunities in the neighborhood.	Yes

Neighborhood	Measures the extent to which the respondent perceives himself as being a part of his neighborhood.	Yes

Neighborhood (HOPE VI)	Neighborhood conditions	Pending

Neighborhood activism	Five questions on whether respondents had contacted local officials (e.g. politician, church leader) or otherwise taken action "to take care of a local problem, or to make the neighborhood a better place to live."	Yes

Neighborhood and neighboring	Respondent reports about neighborhood problems, neighborhood definition, and informal social interaction.	Pending

Neighborhood attitudes	29 items assessing respondent's perceptions of neighborhood conditions.	Pending

Neighborhood change or stability	Issues of family mobility, business mobility	No

Neighborhood Cohesion Index	19-item index of respondent's sense of belonging and cohesion with neighbors, interaction with neighbors, and degree of collective action.	Yes

Neighborhood conditions	Report of neighborhood conditions in the two or three blocks right around respondent's home.	Yes

Neighborhood definition	4 items on neighborhood boundaries and definition, as well as whether or not respondent plans to remain in the neighborhood.	Pending

Neighborhood direction	Respondent feelings about where the neighborhood is headed.	Pending

Neighborhood life	Questions about neighborhood definition, tenure, safety, neighbor relations, and racial discrimination.	Pending

Neighborhood Mobility Scale	Perceptions of neighborhood mobility.	Yes

Neighborhood name consensus	Neighborhood boundaries.	Yes

Neighborhood organizations/services	Nine-item index of reported local organizations and programs combined with a 6-item inventory of youth services.	Yes

Neighborhood participation	6 item index of participation in local activities.	Pending

Neighborhood problems	13 item checklist of the presence and severity of neighborhood problems.	Pending

Neighborhood Problems Scale	Nine-item index of the perceived commonality of neighborhood problems.	Yes

Neighborhood Quality	Caregiver judgments on the positive and negative aspects of their neighborhood and whether or not they would like to continue living in their neighborhood.	Yes

Neighborhood safety	One-item question on neighborhood safety.	Pending

Neighborhood supports	Organizational supports available to respondent.	Yes

Neighborhood worries	Respondent indicates degree of worry about 7 neighborhood items.	Pending

Neighboring activities	Questions tap into neighboring activities .	Yes

Neighboring patterns	Questions about neighbor to neighbor relations.	Yes

Older children	Repondent reports of older child's experiences in the home and neighborhood.	Pending

Organization leadership	This series of questions deals with the characteristics of the leaders and leadership structures in the community.	No

Organization staff	Numbers of staff, including volunteers, and sources of those volunteers.	No

Other domain satisfactions	Respondent reports of satisfaction with various aspects of his/her life.	Pending

Other organizations	Respondent membership, activities and volunteer work in community organizations.	Yes

Outlook for move and redevelopment	Respondent's plans for staying or leaving housing development.	Pending

Parent involvement with school activities	Parent involvement with school activities.	Yes

Parent's expectations for child(ren)	Question about how far parents would like to see their children go in school.	Yes

Parental Involvement Scale	Parent involvement in child supervision/education.	Yes

Parks, recreation, and where children play	Use of public parks.	Pending

Participation in neighborhood	Membership and activity in neighborhood/block organizations.	Yes

Participation in neighborhood block watch programs	Participation in community security programs.	Yes

Participation on advisory boards	Influence over local institutions/services.	Yes

Perceived accessibility of capital	Perceptions of the ability of residents to secure home loans.	Yes

Perceived barriers to employment	Resident employment. 2-item index.	Yes

Perceived need to marshal diverse group support	Attempts to get at how the people in neighborhoods help each other and work together.	Yes

Perceived neighborhood violence	One of three scales which attempts to measure violence.	Yes

Perceptions of job accessibility	Perceptions of neighborhood economic opportunity.	Yes

Person- Census	US Census	Yes

Personal victimization	One of three scales which attempts to measure violence.	Yes

Physical abuse scale-respondent	Records reported incidence of physical abuse by respondent toward spouse/partner.	Yes

Physical abuse scale-victim	Records reported incidence of physical abuse by respondent from spouse/partner.	Yes

Physical characteristics of neighborhood	Respondents are asked to estimate the approximate percentage of each physical characteristic present in the neighborhood.	Pending

Plans for post secondary education	Respondent plans for postsecondary education, training, or employment.	Pending

Police	Resident attitudes about neighborhood police.	Pending

Political participation	4-item scale.	Yes

Positive Change	The direction of neighborhood change in the past couple of years.	Yes

Preschool participation	Participation in preschool, Head Start and after school programs.	Yes

Protest Politics	Dimension is a composite of the participation in marches, demonstrations, boycotts, rallies, groups that took action for local reform; and labor and ethnically-related groups.	Yes

Provision of stimulating materials	This measure is an index of how many cognitively stimulating materials the child has access to in the home and is actually allowed to use or operate. The index ranges from 0 to 1, representing the proportion of these seven items available to the child. (Mariner et al, 1998)	Yes

Public Housing	Respondent thoughts on public housing and the HOPE VI program.	Pending

Public safety	feeling safe in one's neighborhood, crime victimization	No

Public Services	Measures of satisfaction with public services and schools.	Yes

Public services and transportation	Respondent ratings of public transportation, garbage and street maintenance services.	Pending

Quality of neighborhood services	Respondent rating of 10 areas of public service provision in the neighborhood.	Pending

Quality of programs index	Respondents are asked about the facilities and services available to people in the neighborhood and the quality of those facilities and services.	Yes

Quality of services index	Respondents are asked about the facilities and services available to people in the neighborhood and the quality of those facilities and services.	Yes

Racial Trust	Measures the extent to which different racial groups trust one another.	Yes

Racial/ethnic socialization	This scale consists of five items, including discussion about one's own race/ethnicity, discussions about others' race/ethnicity, discussions about discrimination, celebrations focusing on own race/ethnicity, and having toys related town race/ethnicity. The items were phrased in such a way that they were appropriate for minority as well as non-minority families, and indeed there was little missing data from any of the racial/ethnic subgroups. The five items were scored from one to five (dichotomous item is actually scored two and four) and a totals score was calculated by averaging the five items. (Mariner et al, 1998)	Yes

Reasoning discipline	This scale was created from mother's responses to six hypothetical misbehaviors, which they could choose to respond to in as many as fourteen ways. These disciplinary responses were them grouped into three theoretically based categories, reasoning (talk about it, make child apologize, make child do something to correct the situation), moderate punishment (time out, take away a privilege, ground, give extra work), and harsh punishment (spank, hit, scold or yell, threaten). For each of the six items, a score of three was assigned if the mother chose one or more of the reasoning strategies, and none of the punishments. A score of two was assigned if the mother chose one or more of the moderate punishments and none of the harsh punishments. A score of one was assigned if the mother chose any of the harsh punishments. Scores across the six hypothetical situations were then averaged. There were three situations (e.g. child did X, Y, Z) with each situation repeated (child did X again). This permits consideration of disciplinary strategy when misbehavior recurs and maternal patience may be taxed. (Mariner et al, 1998)	Yes

Reciprocated exchange	Five-item scale that measures the relative frequency of social exchange within the neighborhood on issues of consequence for children.	Yes

Relationship with father	Respondent attitudes about father.	Pending

Relationship with mother	Respondent attitudes about mother.	Pending

Resident Disempowerment Scale	Measures how neighbors help one another and work together.	Yes

Resident fears of neighborhood violence	9-item scale.	Yes

Resident participation in neighborhood affairs	2-item scale.	Yes

Residential history	Respondent indicates reasons for selecting current neighborhood.	Pending

Responsive Police Scale	Describes community-police relations.	Yes

Retaliate	Reflects the degree to which caregivers perceive a risk of verbal or physical retaliation for intervening with other people's children.	Yes

Rootedness in block	Three items ask how long respondent has "lived at this address", whether home is owned or rented, and age of respondent.	Yes

Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale	The scale is a ten item Likert scale with items answered on a four point scale - from strongly agree to strongly disagree.The RSE scale may be used without explicit permission. The author's family, however, would like to be kept informed of its use: The Morris Rosenberg Foundationc/o Dept. Of SociologyUniversity of Maryland2112 Art/Soc BuildingCollege Park, MD 20742-1315	Yes

Safe Neighborhood Scale	Perceived safety of public places.	Yes

Safety	Respondent perceptions of safety in the neighborhood.	Pending

Satisfaction with neighborhood	Asks about neighborhood satisfaction, block problems, and neighborhood conditions.	Yes

School environment	Opinions about perceived discipline, importance of grades, respect	Yes

School safety	Single item on whether or not the respondent "feels safe in school".	Pending

Schools	Items about school attendance, quality, transportation to school, and involvement by parents in school affairs.	Pending

Self-efficacy	Respondents are asked to estimate how well they can control their behavior and to rate their intelligence. Only respondents who are at least 15 years old are asked about their ability to take health-protective measures.	Yes

Sense of Belonging Scale	Neighborhood identification and pride	Yes

Sense of community	Questions about residential longevity, feelings of attachment and loyality to neighborhood and neighborhood boundaries.	Yes

Sense of Community	Respondent ratings of his/her sense of community and block importance.	Yes

Service activities	Questions about community service or volunteer activity in school or community.	Pending

Shopping and other community issues	Neighborhood transportation, shopping, and food quality .	Pending

Social cohesion and trust	Five-point Likert scale	Yes

Social Competence Subscale	The Social Competence Subscale of the Positive Child Behavior Scale was used in the National Evaluation of Welfare to Work Strategies, as in other evaluation studies, to assure that program effects on positive social behaviors (and not only effects on problem behaviors) could be assessed. The Positive Child Behavior Scale was developed by Denise Polit for the New Chance Evaluation (Polit, 1996), using modifications of items from existing scales so as to be appropriate for a sample of disadvantaged mothers.	Yes

Social environment	community volunteerism, perceptions of racism, experience of racism	No

Social supports: emotional support	Whether repondent has someone he/she can talk over problems with.	Yes

Social supports: socialization	Number, type and location of friends availabile to respondent.	Yes

Social Trust	Index of social trust combines trust of people in one's neighborhood, coworkers, shop clerks, co-religionists, local police, and "most people".	Yes

Socioeconomic data	Household roster.	Yes

Stop Delinquency	Refers to serious behaviors that are dangerous or lawbreaking.	Yes

Stop Misbehavior	Pertains to mischievous acts.	Yes

Summary assessment	Respondents are asked to provide a subjective assessment of the neighborhood in sum.	Pending

Trust in Government-related Institutions	6-item scale	Yes

Use of alcohol and drugs	Use and frequency of alcohol and other substances.	Pending

Vehicle inventory	Questions about personal vehicles and transportation.	Yes

Victimization	Resident degree of worry about becoming victims of crime and violence.	Yes

Voluntary associations	Involvement by residents in local religious organizations; neighborhood watch programs; block group, tenant associations, or community council; business or civic groups; ethnic or nationality clubs; and local political organizations.	Yes

Volunteer benefits	self-reported benefits from volunteer work	Pending

Volunteer contact with other agencies and organizations	Suggested reasons why a volunteer may chose NOT to contact another agency for help in serving families	Pending

Volunteer contact with other agencies and supports	Collaboration with other agencies/organizations to secure help for families	Pending

Volunteer demographics	volunteer sex, race, marital status, education, employment status, income, age	Pending

Volunteer importance	Questions as to why respondent has chosen to volunteer.	Pending

Volunteer neighborhood assessment	assessment of the neighborhood	Pending

Volunteer opinion about Department of Family Services (DFS)	volunteer opinion about Department of Family Services (DFS)	Pending

Volunteer opinion about how the neighborhood has changed in the last 2 years	volunteer opinion about how the neighborhood has changed in the last 2 years	Pending

Volunteer opinion about how to better get families involved	volunteer opinion about how to better get families involved	Pending

Volunteer scope of activity	How long have you volunteered, how many hours per week, how many days per month, reasons why you volunteer	Pending

Volunteer SLNN questions	Familiarity with SLNN (St. Louis Neighborhood Network), attendance at network workshops and training events, use of SLNN supports and/or resources	Pending

Volunteer type of activity	types of volunteer activities and frequencies of activities	Pending

Warmth	Interviewer-rated observations of parent behavior toward child.	Yes

Welfare Program Participation	Respondent's participation in welfare programs	Yes

Welfare use (HOPE VI)	Respondent participation in welfare programs	Pending

Work	Self and spouse work status and job location.	Yes

Younger child	Repondent reports of young child's experiences in the home and neighborhood.	Pending

Youth/Adult involvement in community service volunteerism	Participation in cultural/recreational activities.	Yes

Youth/Adult involvement in sports and other recreational activities	Participation in cultural/recreational activities.	Yes